Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in Ireland. The term cardiovascular disease refers to heart disease, stroke and peripheral artery disease. The good news is that the risk factors or the causes of cardiovascular disease are well known, thus making it a very preventable disease.

There are 2 types of risk factors, those you cannot change i.e. non-modifiable risk factors and those you can i.e. the modifiable risk factors. It is important to be aware that the modifiable risk factors cause up to 80% of the incidence of heart disease and stroke.

The non-modifiable risk factors include:

• Family History: If a parent and/or brother or sister dies at an early age (male relative under 55 years or female relative under 65 years) your risk of cardiovascular disease is increased.
• Gender: Both men and women are equally affected by heart disease, while men develop heart disease at a younger age, women soon catch up and are at a higher risk at an older age
• Age: As you get older you are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease
• Ethnicity: Some ethnic groups such as African Americans or South Asians have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease.

The modifiable risk factors include:

• Smoking
• High Blood Pressure
• High Cholesterol
• Physical Inactivity
• Being Overweight
• Diabetes
• Stress

There are lots you can do to reduce your risk of heart disease and stroke – whatever your age. Creating a healthy lifestyle doesn't have to mean drastic changes. In fact, drastic changes almost always lead to failure. Making small changes to your daily habits can have a positive impact on your overall health and well being.

This section on heart healthy tips aims to provide you and your family with some practical advice that will help you improve your lifestyle and ultimately reduce your risk for Ireland biggest killer!